Pansy pansy
(scientific name: Viola tricolor L.) is Violaceae Viola's annual or short-term perennial herb, is a common wildflower in Europe, often growing in the park. Three-color to open planting is appropriate, regardless of flower beds and gardens and potted plants are suitable. Not suitable for species in the room, bad light, growth will slow, branches and leaves can not be fully robust, preventing flowering, after flowering should not be moved indoors, to ensure long flower life. Chinese name: Viola tricolor Foreign Name: Pansy, Heartsease, love-in-idleness, johnny-jump-up, kiss-me-quick another name: Viola tricolor vegetables, butterfly flower, human face flowers, cat face flower, butterfly sun flower, face and took two law: Viola tricolor sector: Flora door: Door Gang angiosperms: dicotyledons outline: vegetables Head Section: Violaceae Genus: Viola Latin name: Viola tricolor L. directory
morphology chemical composition of the geographical distribution of growth habit of the reproductive cultivation cultivation value of key pest chemical composition of medicinal uses of ornamental value of the cultural content of other myths florid flower morphology
pansy (Figure 2) a, biennial or perennial herb,
nike air force one low, 10-40 cm. Stems thick, erect or slightly inclined, with sharp, single or multiple branches. Basal leaves long-ovate or lanceolate, with long-handled; cauline leaves ovate, oblong-round or oblong lanceolate, apex rounded or obtuse, base rounded, margin crenate or blunt sparse serrated, upper leaves long petioles, the lower are shorter; stipules large, leaf-shaped, feather-deep cleft, 1-4 cm long. Flowers large, about 3.5-6 cm in diameter, with 3-10 flowers per stem, each flower usually purple, white, and yellow; pedicel thicker, solitary axillary, the upper with two pairs of small bracts Health ; small bracts small, ovate triangular; sepals green, oblong-lanceolate, 1.2-2.2 cm long, 3-5 mm wide, apex acute, margin narrow membranous, basal appendages developed, 3-6 mm long , edge irregular; top petals deep purple Jinse, and below the lateral petals are three colors,
nike air force one high, with purple stripes, the side of the base of the petals which were to be dense hair, below the petals from the smaller, 5-8 mm long; child Housing glabrous, style short
Pansy
, obviously geniculate base, stigma enlarged, spherical hole in front of a large stigma. Capsule elliptic, 8-12 mm. Glabrous. Variable number of chromosomes, 2n = 20,26,42,46. Flowering from April to July, fruiting from May to August. [1] The geographic distribution of parks across China for ornamental planting. European origin. [1]
pansy growth habit (Figure 3)
relatively cold, hi cool in the day temperature 15-25 ℃, night temperature 3-5 ℃ under the conditions of well-developed. If the consecutive day temperature above 30 ℃, the flower buds disappear, or do not form petals. Light intensity of sunshine than the length of a great impact on the flowering, sunshine bad, poor flowering. Hi fertile,
air force one high, well drained, neutral loamy soil rich in organic matter or clay loam. Perennial flowers, often cultivated as a biennial. [2] The chemical composition of stems, leaves with Pansy Wong glycosides (Violutoside) [1]. Flowers with Rutin (rutin) [2], tocopherol (tocophenol) [3], tomato hydrocarbons (lycopene), six hydrogen tomato hydrocarbons (phytofluene), β-carotene (β-carorene) [4], lutein ( xantho-phyll, lutein) [5], Jin Huang quality (9,9-9,13-9,15 I 9,13 - di - cis-pansy yellow substance (di-cis-violaxanthin) isomer of four guide, 9,13-q15-cis-Jin of the yellow substance (cis-violaxanthin), anther yellow substance (antheraxanthin), 9,9 - cis - Anther yellow substance (9,9-cis-antheraxanthin), luteinizing hormone furan (luteox- anthin) [7], pansy glycoside (violanthin), guided TH zeaxanthin (auroxan-thin) [8]. whole plant contains quercetin (quercetin), luteolin (lureolin), luteolin -7 - glucoside (luteolin-7-glucoside) [9], protocatechuic acid (protocatechuicacid), trans - caffeic acid (caffeicacid), cis-and trans against coumaric acid (p-coumanicacid), p- acid (p-hydroxybenzoicacid), has been acid p-(p-hydroxyphenylaceticacid), salicylic acid (salicylic), vanillic acid (vanillicacid) [9,10], gentisate (gentisicacid) [10] and trace the clove acid (syringicacid), ferulic acid (ferulic) [9]. has sugary categories: One of the major water-soluble polysaccharide by the D-glucose (D-glucose), D-galactose (D-galactose), L-Arab Sugar (L-arabinose) molar ratio 2:1.8:1.1 composition; a small amount of simple sugars are D-galactose acid (D-galacturonicacid), D-xylose (D-xylose) and L-rhamnose (L- rhamnose), pectin (pectin), some containing D-galacturonic acid, D-glucose and D-galactose [11]. the other containing four terpenes (terpene), and four triterpenes (triter-pene), and steroids (steroid) [12].
pansy breeding cultivation techniques (Figure 4)
seeding method, in southern China in autumn and winter, suitable for the planting of the seed germination optimum temperature of about 15-20C . to sow the seeds evenly in the fine tree fern, maintaining proper run, about 10-15 days after germination. If the temperature is too high and difficult to germinate, germination can be sown again, using half a sheet of toilet paper folded into a square, into small plastic zipper bag, and then dripping a little, so that the full suction toilet paper, and then the seeds into the bag, then seal the bag, place in refrigerator 5-8C environment, about 6-7 days and then removed after sowing. germinate into the leaf fat Postemergence 2-3 pieces, the heel in the nursery pot, fertilizer 1-2 times, 5-7 pieces of the leaf and then sent to the transplant cultivation. In the early summer cuttings or layering of the line, cutting can be carried out from March to July, to early summer is the best. general clipping plants at the germination of the spur center for stem cuttings is better, can not be cutting flowering branches. cuttings in about 2-3 weeks to take root, the survival rate is very high. layering, also easy to survive. [2] per 17 cm pot cultivation of pot plants 1, flower beds and plant spacing of 15-20 cm. cultivated soil to fertile loam rich in organic matter better, or 30% peat, fine tree fern 20%, loam 40 %, 10% blended compost maturity. topdressing during the growing period 1 for every 20-30 days, all kinds of organic manure or nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are good. Flowers Xie Houli is cut off stray, can promote re-bloom, to the late spring after the temperature high, flowering is also gradually becoming less small. of likes the cold or warm, avoid high temperature and humidity, growth optimum temperature 5-23C, if at first heat, high temperature up to 28C above the weather, should strive for a well-ventilated, the temperature reduced to prevent and die. Disease is available Puck bacteria billion big raw power or control, pest eradication rate can be loose, such as prevention and control of spirits. Cultivation Notes night temperature of 16 ℃ to 18 ℃, 18 ℃ during the day to 24 ℃, when the plants placed in When outside is difficult to maintain optimal growth conditions, with a negative temperature difference between day and night help make plants grow shorter, high quality. Be careful not to appear high temperatures. pansy hi cool, and need full light, partial shade is best placed in the retail to reduce water loss. Do not water too much, because the growth of pansy in a cool area, water is not distributed quickly, needs little water. [2] the major pest damage by insects, mainly yellow pansy chest thrips . It is mainly to nymphs and adults against pansy flowers, and will leave a gray spotted, serious damage will make the petals curl pansy flowers wither in advance. flavipectus thrips adults and nymphs usually are hidden in the flowers, the females lay their eggs in the flower or the petals of the epidermis, the harm to file with the mouthparts, draw sap plant cuticle broken, and mainly in the hot and dry season. Control measures: 4000 with 2.5% deltamethrin fenitrothion times or 1500 times, 1 spray every 10 days. [2] value of medicinal value
pansy (Figure 5)
pansy to sterilization, the treatment of skin on the youth pox, acne, allergies. recorded in ancient Chinese medicine skin care products saint, the pansy is undoubtedly the most compelling. Three Kingdoms Period, God's favor for the discussion concubines, had organized a variety of the imperial doctor of pansy anti-acne method and the one by one written into the Chinese Sacred In addition to India and essence - Green peptide (Green peptides), and add a variety of natural extracts to quickly penetrate the skin deep, excess oil secretion and inhibit Propionibacterium acnes fan planting, removal of acne from the source, to fade Red Indian consumer, heal scars, oil control whitening effect, conditioning the skin to water and oil overall balance of the neutral state of health, completely solve the problem of acne relapse. [3] chemical composition
pansy (Figure 6) stems, leaves with Pansy Wong glycosides (Violutoside) [1]. spent with Rutin (rutin) [2], tocopherol (tocophenol) [3], hydrocarbon tomato (lycopene), six hydrogen tomato hydrocarbons ( phytofluene), β-carotene (β-carorene) [4], lutein (xantho-phyll, lutein) [5], Jin Huang quality (9,9-9,13-9,15 I 9,13 - II - cis-pansy yellow substance (di-cis-violaxanthin) four lead ,9,13-q15-isomers cis-Jin of the yellow substance (cis-violaxanthin), anther yellow substance (antheraxanthin), 9,9 - cis - anthers yellow substance (9,9-cis-antheraxanthin), luteinizing hormone furan (luteox-anthin) [7], pansy glycoside (violanthin), guided TH zeaxanthin (auroxan-thin) [8]. whole plant with quercetin (quercetin), luteolin (lureolin), luteolin -7-- glucoside (luteolin-7-glucoside) [9], protocatechuic acid (protocatechuicacid), trans - caffeic acid (caffeicacid), cis-and trans against coumaric acid (p-coumanicacid), hydroxybenzoic acid (p-hydroxybenzoicacid), has been acid p-(p-hydroxyphenylaceticacid), salicylic acid (salicylic), vanillic acid (vanillicacid) [ ,],[(D-glucose), D-galactose (D-galactose), L-arabinose (L-arabinose) molar ratio 2:1.8:1.1 composition; a small amount of simple sugars are D-galactose acid (D-galacturonicacid) , D-xylose (D-xylose) and L-rhamnose (L-rhamnose), pectin (pectin), some containing D-galacturonic acid, D-glucose and D-galactose [11]. Another terpene containing 4 (terpene) and 4 triterpenes (triter-pene) and steroids (steroid) and so on. stems and leaves with Pansy Wong glycosides; spent with Rutin,
air force one low, volatile oil, saponin,
air force 1 high, vitamin A.C [4].
pansy ornamental value (Figure 7)
pansy is a flower arrangement of one of the main spring flower beds. because there are three colors of flowers symmetrically distributed in the five petals to form a pattern , just like cat ears, cheeks and a mouth, also known as the cat face. because of the wind when the perianth, such as the rippling of the butterfly, so there Iris alias. The natural and artificial hybridization selection,
air force one low nike, the current color of pansy flowers, many varieties of comparison. In addition to those three colors of a flower, there are white, pure yellow, pure purple, Zihei and so on. In addition, yellow purple, white and black and purple to match , red, blue, yellow, white and colorful mix of color and so on. from the flower-shaped point of view, a large flower-shaped, petal-shaped edges and wavy-shaped petals. pansy is a winter and spring bedding material good, because adaptation strong resistance, extensive management, you can pot for people to enjoy. [3] Other uses of deep purple flowers with aromatic smell, flavor can be extracted. [3] cultural connotation of myth
tricolor
Once upon a time , said Viola flowers are pure white, like clouds in the sky. naughty naughty Cupid is a small, bow and arrow with his hand the magic of love, who fired, who will not help but fall in love with the people he first saw . Unfortunately, both the naughty Cupid arrows that is not allowed, so the love story of ordinary human error. On this day, Venus has found a Cooler, ready to take him to shoot. who knows a stone shot, all of a sudden burst of wind came, it Viola actually hit the white arrow flower. White Viola bother to bring out the blood of flowers and tears, blood and tears dry before it can no longer wipe it away. From then on into a white pansy flower pansy today, this is a myth The origin of the story pansy. the kingdom of heaven has a very big garden, spring season each year, the garden will grow a lot of beautiful plants, garden flowers attract the angels. This one year's time and to enjoy the flowers. This morning, the god of Venus got up early, carefully washed dress up, wear grade silk dress, wear dazzling jewelry, and then with on her baby son Cupid, and excitedly went to the garden. At this time, many have been to the gods, we form a circle, I do not know is even enjoy the relish, and even the beautiful Venus came, did not spare some time to greet people with her. Venus heart by the cold a bit unpleasant, where she went before the people's tongue will lead to praise, this is how today? she Coushang'll see that we are busy Watch tweed Viola, Viola flowers this year, very lush, particularly striking, the angels are full of praise.
Viola tricolor
Venus has always been very jealous, and she always believed that the sky world the United States should of course be the most beautiful of God, fear what other people say there is even more beautiful than her, so he asked her son Cupid: Who is more beautiful? do not talk to people talk all day. dark, angels after another went home, went to Viola flowers in front of Venus, taking a closer look, grew more and more angry, then raised his whip Pianxiang Viola took the whip while playing side also said bitterly: Viola spent under the damn think of it, to triumphantly return home. I did not expect very tenacious vitality of Viola flowers, although it was seriously injured but not dead, is still strong and alive, just because suffered a whipping, on its face black and blue one, the different shades of scar left behind, became a pattern, the angels came to earth in time, kissed it three times and left. It was also said. When the angels kiss when pansy flowers. her face printed on the petals on the.. so every seen pansy who will have a happy ending.. [5] florid
Pansy
Red pansy: beautiful red flowers, beautiful words are Color TH: pansy with yellow petals, beautiful words are dark. Large pansy: Pansy bound florid used: meditation, happiness, you miss me. [5], the national flower of pansy flowers native to Iceland, as the national flower. pansy flower or Poland [5] term More Atlas Atlas Reference 1
information database of plant species in China
http://db.kib.ac.cn/eflora/view/Sear...x?L_name=Viola tricolor L.
2
pansy cultivation and management
http://www.vegnet.com.cn/Tech/Detail_6315.aspx
3
pansy The value of
http://shineland.cn/huacao/sansejinjiazhi.html
4
TCM network
http://www.zhzyw.org / zycs/zycd/s/09514171D1E93DDI1HBKECCG.html
5
China spends Cultural Network
http://www.cnflower.org.cn/html/hhxs/oz/110.html
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