Communism

Forerunner of Communism, Elimination of private property rights advocate communism and the establishment of a classless system, without state and government, and the collective production of society. Imagine the future communist society in all classes will eventually transition to communism, a classless society. The implementation of communist ideology, the need to each have a highly developed collective ideology.
directory
defines the essence of communism during the conditions of realization of the idea of ​​Marx and Engels, the purpose of communist communist understanding of the purpose of the first second and third original primitive communism communist society society into the capitalist class society, the historical mission of the reasons for the birth of another solution communist socialist state existing conditions for the realization of communism, the principle conditions of realization of communism communist communist society, the practice of historical conditions, the Communist League First International the Paris Commune and the Second International Third International Theory of communism communist society misunderstanding in some areas may be the first to realize the future utopia, utopia, communist country may be system defined
Rheinische Zeitung editor, founder of the International Workers Association Karl Marx
According to Engels, Therefore, the main body of the proletariat communism. Communism through the eradication of private property rights, to eliminate social barriers and class to all humanity liberated from oppression and poverty of thought, and the establishment of no class system, without private property, no government, and the collective production of the society. Marx and full study of human history, economic and technological development, that human society is based on material production, the existing division of labor productivity caused by the decision of people of different economic status determines the social status of different people, between people determine the economic relationship between the shape of the entire society, law, ethics, the superstructure is determined by the economic status of people's social status reflected. In fact the essence of communism in the former communist people out of a misunderstanding, leading to a typical big pot, eat the same error Ganhaoganhuai concept. As long as people demand that seems small enough, the material production has become extremely rich, no matter what the meal, only required to fill the stomach; only require a place to sleep; how much to eat, whatever Sheng, is what they need; because it is communism is all the fruits of labor, so big pot that is communism. However, this limitation means of personal development, not communism, communism should be a high degree of freedom of each person defined
communist
. Conditions of realization based on historical materialism, communism, social and material basis in the development of mature can be achieved. Process according to Marxist theory, communism would go through several stages, the first phase of the dictatorship of the proletariat (Lenin called this stage of socialism), is to carry out socialist construction, the human society from capitalism to Communism and prevent the restoration of capitalism. During this period, production of goods and money economy still exist. When the socialist construction is completed, the government, commodity production and monetary economy will completely disappear. Finally, the human society entered the stage of communism. This time, urban-rural difference and social division of labor will completely disappear. Human beings can survive in low workload to meet the needs of all mankind of all his property, the product what they want, all people equal access to social and economic rights, people will no longer work as a means of livelihood, working to people's first need. Will not be limited by the division of labor. To In a communist society, no one particular range, but can be in any sector development, social adjustment with the whole production, because I may be leaving with their own interests Ganzhe Shi today, tomorrow, do that thing, morning hunt, afternoon fishing, animal husbandry in the evening after dinner in the criticism, so as not to make me always a hunter, fisherman, shepherd or critic. - Marx and therefore the material basis of this highly rich,timberland winter boots, powerful society of social production, how to develop themselves, the development of spiritual civilization in order to achieve the value of life will become a people's pursuit. People will go scrambling to work, engage in more extensive work, no one would want in this society as a zombie. Marx and Engels claim that communism of Marx and Engels had to mention. Marx and Engels that the working class is no production, their share of the produce of labor was the bourgeoisie there, and only pay much less than that of fixed labor productivity, wages, the bourgeoisie by this act to make a profit. And this behavior was discovered by Marx, and called residual value. Large-scale industrial production of the proletariat is concentrated, so they are the most organized, most concentrated, so the driving force of social progress will be driven by the proletariat. Also, the proletariat is the world's most exploited, most oppressed, the level of which is the lowest in society. So their demands are greatest. Therefore, to meet the requirements of the proletariat, it is equal to meet the requirements of the whole society, the liberation of the proletariat, is equivalent to the liberation of all mankind. So in other words, communism is in fact the doctrine on the liberation of all mankind. After the failure of the Paris Commune in 1871. Marx's theory of the first of their system was modified. His experience shows that the Paris Commune, the proletariat can not simply hold on power, but by violent destruction of all existing systems. And for the first time described later Leninist and Trotskyist position regarded as a fundamental theory of proletarian dictatorship. This theory is utopian socialism, Marxism and the difference with the past. The realization of communism through social and political movements, from Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels (see into communism. Changed in his later years Engels peaceful transition to socialism. According to the The words of Marxism, that is, the minority population in the status of bourgeois domination and exploitation, will be majority of the population and the long period of exploitation, the proletariat has been replaced by the ruling majority. The writings of the Marxist theory, the regime called the dictatorship of the proletariat. Marxists believe that capitalism will certainly perish, society will advance to socialism and finally to communism. Communists aim (1) the interests of achieving the opposite with the assets of the interests of the proletariat; (2) and replace it with the elimination of private ownership of public property, the means to achieve this; (3) In addition to the violence outside the democratic revolution, There does not recognize other means of achieving these objectives. - Engles Communist understanding of the purpose of many cases, more than three Communist Party misinterpreted the purpose is to ultimately lead to the failure of the Communist Party in other countries. So how theories of these three objectives? The first realization of the interests of the opposite with the assets of the interests of the proletariat; this actually represents the interests of the overwhelming majority of the people. As long as the wealthy to their heavily taxed, so the majority of the proceeds back to low-income people is to realize the interests of the same assets, contrary to the interests of the proletarians. The former Communist countries to understand the property there is in fact do not meet this interest. The result is economic downturn, people's lives back. This is the inevitable result of the same big pot, the original strength of the socialist countries and people's lives much less than the capitalist countries is proof. We engage in this state a big pot, to eat enough food, the final adjustment policies of the party, and finally chose the right path. The second and replaced with the elimination of private ownership of public property, the means to achieve this; this is a correct understanding, of important resources (assets) to achieve the fundamental interests of the proletariat in front. This master can be understood as the national control of the country's economic lifeline, not let private control, a high degree of development of social productive forces, elimination of private ownership of the final round. Countries because of misunderstanding of the Communist Party, carried out blindly all public policy. Our previous big pot, cut the tail of capitalism is to suffer, but the leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Deng Xiaoping and the back straight. The third addition to the violence outside the democratic revolution, do not admit there other means to achieve these objectives. The key here is violent and democratic. In fact, this article itself is very simple, straightforward way is with a strong military is to achieve the purpose of the former is two (the real purpose is to first realize the interests of the proletariat.) Violence and force that the struggle against the bourgeoisie, even if there are other violations of state intervention also need to force their struggle. Democracy is a national of a democratic country, through taxes and other means of redistribution of assets. In summary said, communism is actually a milestone in the history of human political development, is to achieve maximum protection of human coexistence, but the feudal society, slave society can not develop into communism and capitalism was eliminated only in the height of the liberation of the socialist system productivity can be achieved communism. Primitive communist society and the human experience of the original group of blood and family development stage, entered its social form - the clan society, the clan is the clan as a unit of social life, the clan is the person with the same composition of maternal blood organizations, prohibited marriage within the clan. Two or more clans form a tribe. The implementation of group marriage clan society, each clan to another clan of all men of all women are the spouse, children,
primitive village
clans behind the tools of production, social productivity is very low, individual human beings can not survive, we can only work together, mainly by hunting and gathering for subsistence, etc.. Little information of living, starvation of any one member would bring disaster to the entire tribe, so only in accordance with each person allocated a minimum survival needs, the use of direct production within the clan, in the form of direct distribution, so there is no commodity exchange ( No archaeological evidence.) Men engaged in hunting and general hunting tool manufacturing, women are engaged in the acquisition and domestic labor, but in general, and there is no fixed division of labor. As the source of hunting is not stable, so the collection is the main source of food. Emergence of primitive agriculture in the Neolithic Age and the original animal. The common possession of all the members of the clan land and other production information. By the seasonal migration of human life to live. Forms of marriage by the dual system of group marriage into the family. Dual system of family composition by a man and a woman, but this family is a very loose relationship between cohabitation and can break at any time by either party. (Because it was backward agricultural technology, soil fertility will soon run out, so there is no private ownership of land) by the clan chiefs elected by the General Assembly on a regular basis, subject to supervision of all the clan members, you can always be replaced. Chiefs as the coordination and leadership in general, without any special powers. We respect the clan leader is from the heart, not by any coercive power to maintain. The leading body of the tribe by the chiefs of each clan composed of tribal council. But the most important decisions are shared by all the tribal members involved in the decision. Clan society of man has no idea of ​​the level of high and low, there is no good and evil and moral hypocrisy of honor, only the simple principle of equality and mutual benefit of doing things, personal interests and collective interests are basically the same, and all disputes resolved by the parties themselves, has always been the custom of Well, put all the adjustments. Not of poverty, because the communist economic system and are aware of their clan for the elderly, the sick and the responsibilities of persons with disabilities. We are all equal, free, including women. Others of discrimination, slavery and oppression never happened. This lack of oppression and slavery, there is no fixed division of labor and class differentiation, the common possession of all members of society's social forms of production called But this society is not perfect, the clan system is very underdeveloped productive forces is the prerequisite for the majority of the population within the region is extremely rare, all clan members are subject to natural forces beyond the control of the disposal. This social system ultimately produced by a powerful inner forces to break the material, has opened a full predatory war, brutal killings, slavery is intolerable, the most despicable deception - the new, civilized The prelude to class society. Primitive communism, the transformation of society to class society is predatory slave
Viking
end of primitive society invented the metal tools, a leap in productivity, isolated from agriculture, handicraft, but also the emergence of commodity exchange, production such as land use gradually to individuals, resulting in the individual families. Tribal war prisoners would be killed at the beginning or as the equality of the tribal members to the winner, and now because they can meet their survival needs but also the premise of a significant surplus, so it became a slave to the original source. As life settled agricultural society to enable women to birth more children, coupled with the metal plow agriculture and animal husbandry needs of the larger physical, so the men put the women squeezed out from the social production, and women only in bringing up children and sewing clothes, making food and other household chores, and their direct labor and men can bring economic income than agriculture and animal husbandry work as a dependent of private labor. Social status of women gradually degrade and become slaves of men. Patriarchy and power of parents to ensure property inheritance to their true heirs, so the prohibition of all non-marital ######ual behavior of women. The male is not only a master of his wife, but also often in a number of female slaves, this is the origin of the individual family system. This dual system of individual family and the family is not the biggest difference is the woman the right to divorce, she completely reduced the male's private property and are bought and sold. The emergence of the individual representatives of the male family discrimination against women, persecution and slavery era and the beginning of history. By male and female slavery is slavery, while producing the original. Only the capitalist private industry will be more and more into the social work labor, so that only a woman had very little housework time, so that women would leave their homes in large-scale social production, so as to enable women and men have the same freedom and status. Communist society will create more advanced than the productivity of capitalism, completely change the social division of labor, so that the real gender equality a reality. In all class societies, women's emancipation is a measure of general emancipation of the natural scale. Since the emergence of the individual families, rich-poor divide within the clan boards on behalf of all members of society gradually from the interests of the organization into a tool for safeguarding the interests of the rich. By the end of some primitive tribes of predatory war to conquer the other tribes, a large number of their members will become a slave, noble clans in the war to further consolidate their power,timberland boots men, will be subject to supervision by the people in public office into a hereditary the title. By a clan consisting of all young adults from the national armed into actual production work, just listen to a small number of nobles from the professional army. When most members of society need to spend all or almost all the time engaged in heavy physical labor, while a privileged minority specializing in science, art, production management and other work, there must be two mutually antagonistic social The privileged class in the mental means of production, through the military, police, courts, prisons and other institutions of slavery authoritarian hierarchy is not the means of production, this machine is called authoritarian State is the product of irreconcilable class contradictions that can not be resolved into a society of self-contradiction, only by means of violence to force others to obey the slave-like division of labor. State machine is a surface on top of all members of society above the occupational authority, it will by the ruling class on behalf of all the laws to exercise its powers, which by all members of society participate directly in decision-making, there is no statute of the clan society is completely different. As long as within a society split into different classes, then there must be free from supervision and control of such a perish. Through violent means on the one hand the ruling class to maintain their dominant position, on the other hand through the So that they willingly submit to their rule. Dominant class to call its own interests in the behavior of so-called The moral hypocrisy is often the most despicable double standard, requiring the personal interests of the ruled to obey unconditionally the collective interests of the illusory (ie, the interests of the ruling class), even to the point of sacrificing personal life. This place is full of class antagonisms, violence and deceit class society, can only be a free man of the Commonwealth. Where the free development of each person will be the conditions for free development of all people. The free world is the communist society. Although mankind has undergone thousands of years of class society, but the whole human race millions of years of history, this era, after all, only a very short transition phase. Only when humanity to rid itself of the nature of human slavery and the slavery of man by man, the talent in a certain sense, the final out of the animal world, from the The historical mission of the late 17th century capitalism, the bourgeois revolution opened a new era of human history, breaking the man into rulers and ruled as the fate destined by God. Declaration of the bourgeoisie for the first time all men are created equal, everyone has a life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness right to live. Divine right of the bourgeois denial of human rights, the employer against the divine nature, superstition with science, with the personality of the
capitalism created a highly developed civilization
capitalist society is the end of class society, which bears the new world of communism to create the material basis for the great mission. Marx and Engels . On the contrary, to keep intact the old mode of production, but it is for all earlier industrial classes first condition of existence. Constant revolutionizing of production, all social unrest stop, everlasting uncertainty and changes in the bourgeois era Unlike the past where all the time. All fixed, the relationship between the old and the corresponding element will be exalted ideas and opinions, are swept away, all newly formed less than a fixed relationship to obsolete. all the things fixed have disappeared, and all things holy is profaned. people finally had to calm point of view of their life, and their mutual relations. the needs of expanding product sales, driven by capitalist running all over the world. it must be everywhere settled around entrepreneurship, establish connexions everywhere. The bourgeoisie, by exploitation of the world market, so that all the country's production and consumption a cosmopolitan. No matter how sorry reactionary, bourgeois, or dig up the foot of the national industrial base. ancient national industries were wiped out, and every day are still being destroyed. They are crowding out new industries and new industrial development has become all the civilized nations of the life and death issues; processing of these industries have not local raw materials, but from very distant regions of the raw materials; their products not only for domestic consumption, but also for worldwide consumption. the old, rely on products to meet the needs of the country was new, depends on the remotest countries and areas of products to meet the needs of the replaced. In the past the kind of local and national seclusion and self-sufficiency, were all aspects of all nationalities in all aspects of mutual exchanges and mutual dependence instead. material production is so, the spirit of the production as well. The spirit of national product has become public property. National one-sidedness and limitations becoming impossible, therefore, from the numerous national and local literatures, there arises a world literature. assets class, due to the rapid improvement of all instruments of production, the transportation is extremely convenient to all nations, even the most brutal nation in the volume of civilizations to come. The cheap prices of its commodities,vibram five fingers kso sale, is that it used to destroy all the walls, brutal the most obstinate hatred of foreigners to capitulate. It compels all nations - if they do not want to die, then - to adopt the bourgeois mode of production; it there, forcing them to implement the so-called civilization in their own system, that is, become assets. In short, according to their own face to create a world for themselves. Capitalist mode of production that the industrial age, it has changed all feudal, religious and ethnic entities, the power of market forces will produce a global dominated civilization. When the proletariat understand the nature of capitalism and the trend out of patriotism, nationalism, the interference, the world will be voluntary workers to think about the existence of its own reasons, want to choose their own occupations. Another reason for the birth of communism solution generally believed that communism is a naturally occurring, there is the original primitive communism, the average distribution of manufacturing products within the clan; religious medieval society religious egalitarianism, communism has never had a human . It is not. Communism is not yet reached the eighteenth century, nineteenth century, the first industrial revolution in the people a new idea. The first industrial revolution, the use of the steam engine changed the face of mankind, the steam train's speed of revolution of the concept of flying in a train carriage on the back to see the unprecedented new Mercedes-Benz experience; steam engine production line, a ghost-like friction machine parts automatic rhythm, make people feel fear. The use of the machine to make people's minds of a great change, the ancient truths to be ruthless to break new facts, it is impossible to become possible. Invention of the automobile is born in the first industrial revolution. The beginning is for a small number of cars using the rich, the poor and most civilians can not experience. Later inventors have found that the production cost of each car is not high, allowing more people to use the invention, so let dozens of people shared the birth of a car - the bus. The characteristics of the bus is more than co-owned, is a total of products to address the poor and most civilians can not use the new inventions of the problem. The invention of the bus, a new revelation to mankind the idea is to allow people to use a new product together, so that most people share of new products; this new idea is: public goods, jointly owned, the majority share . This is communism. Communism is great practice of science, such as is very common share Internet access, is more common to have a number of Internet lines, is a kind of communism. Such as the city's piped natural gas, is most common with large pet supply system, is also a communist.
Existing socialist countries, socialist countries
Most Communist countries are totalitarian country, because the performance of multi-party system of free competitive capitalism thinking, and one-party rule is marked by the stigma of Soviet-style planned economy, Later, many communist countries affected. The current state by the Communist Party of the People's Republic, Socialist Republic of Vietnam, the Lao People's Democratic Republic, the Republic of Korea and Cuba. Most of these countries now are in the so-called However,Vibram Fivefingers Sprint Blue/Cinder Mens Shoes, in practice, some countries part of the implementation - the socialist market economic system, the general However, if the former from the materialism of capitalism by communism, capitalism, communism after completely wrong. However, some countries are still continuing the single system of planned economy, such as North Korea. Now there's the so-called communist countries are not real communism. First, elimination of private ownership of communism, the share of production from the whole society, all social organization of production, and this form of proletarian democracy, not a bureaucratic command. Conditions of realization of communism communist principles Engels devoted to the principles of communism and implementation of conditions, namely, class's political domination. could have been built in the UK, where the proletarians now represent the majority of the people. In France and Germany can indirectly create, because the two countries is not only the proletarian majority of the people, but also small farmers and small assets, and small farmers and petty bourgeois, the proletariat is in a transitional phase transition, and their realization of all the political interests of the proletariat are more and more dependent, so they quickly agreed to the request of the proletariat. It may also need to The second struggle, however, this struggle can only end with the victory of the proletariat. If you do not use democracy as a means to implement immediately further, a direct violation of private ownership and various measures to protect the survival of the proletariat, then, this kind of democracy for the proletariat class is useless. these as the inevitable result of the existing relationship has now generated the most important measures are as follows: (1) with progressive taxes, high inheritance tax, abolition of collateral relatives (brothers, nephews, etc.) right of inheritance, forced to limit private ownership of such bonds. (2) part of the competition with the national industrial approach, part of the direct approach with the notes of redemption, and gradually deprived of the land owners, factory owners, the railway owner and the owner of the property. (3) confiscation of all against the most the people of exiles and rebels of the property. (4) at the national farm organizations, factories and workshops in the employment of labor or make proletarians, which would eliminate competition between the workers and forced the factory owners are still paying as high as with the State wages. (5) all members of the community labor obligations to implement the same system, until the complete abolition of private property so far. the establishment of military industries, especially in agriculture. (6) through the national bank with State capital, the credit system and financial sector concentrated in the hands of the State. abolish all private banks and bankers. (7) as the country with the increase of capital and workers, increase the national factories, workshops, railways and ships, all the wasteland reclamation, improved the soil of cultivated land. ( 8) All children, from being able to take care when leaving the mother, the money by the state of education facilities in the country. the combination of education and production. (9) in the state-owned land on the building blocks of public housing as a citizen commune . Citizens Corporation will engage in industrial production and agricultural production, urban and rural lifestyles will combine the advantages and avoid one-sidedness and drawbacks of both. (10) demolition of all the unhygienic conditions, construction of residential and urban areas is very bad . (11) legitimate children and illegitimate children equal inheritance rights. (12) to transport all concentrated in the hands of the State. (13) has a highly sophisticated legal mechanisms. to achieve the conditions of nature, all these measures can not look at all the child is put into practice, but they will one after another to implement, as long as the private ownership of a launched a strong attack, the proletariat would be forced to continue to move forward, put all the capital, all agriculture, all industry, all transport and all exchanges are increasingly concentrated in the hands of the State. All these measures are for that purpose. proletariat's labor productivity will greatly increase the country, with this growth, the possibility of realization of these measures and the resulting degree of centralization will increase accordingly. Finally, when all capital, all production and all exchange are concentrated in the hands of the state when private ownership will be its own demise, money will become useless objects, the production will greatly increase, people will significantly change, so even the old society, the final form of the various exchanges can also be lost. communist revolution can not happen in one country alone, just the big industry it established the world market, put the peoples of the globe, especially in the civilized countries people, closely linked to each other, so that the people of each country are subject to what is happening in another country. In addition, large industrial to the social development of all civilized countries, similar to that in all these countries, the bourgeoisie and the proletariat have become the two decisive role of social class, the struggle between them has become a major struggle against the current. Therefore, the communist revolution will not be just a state of revolution, but in all civilized countries, at least In the UK, U.S., France, Germany, same time of the revolution in these countries, every country, the communist revolution speed of development depends on whether the country more developed industry, greater wealth and relatively large amount of productivity. So , realization of the communist revolution in Germany, the most difficult slowest, fastest and easiest in the UK. communist revolution will greatly affect the rest of the world will completely change the original and greatly accelerate their development process. It is a worldwide revolution, So there will be a worldwide venues. Communism is the nature of the free and comprehensive development time is shortened, a great wealth of social product. 2. All private labor and small-scale production have been replaced by large-scale socialized production, all members of society, the common means of production, goods and money disappear. 3. Eliminate differences between the workers and peasants, urban-rural divide, the difference between mental and manual labor. 4. As production methods change, the demise of the old social division of labor, every member of society will be free and full development. 5. The whole community planned according to the needs of different people mass customization. 6. Practice, do their best, according to need principle. (This refers to the , the state machine will self-extinction. 8. With all the economic demise of oppression and slavery, all unequal class society moral values ​​and religious opium also will die. 9. Individual family dead, relations between the ######es a purely private matter will become the community without intervention, support and education of minors will be fully become a public cause. (Family is essentially an individual economic units, both in the living units of agricultural society is the production unit, the burden of education, pensions and other functions, with the large-scale industrial capitalism, the gradual development of the functions of social institutions and replace the public service, and thus the modern family size smaller, and more and more unstable, and eventually die out completely communist society) the practice of communism, the Communist League Communist League was the first party of the proletariat, the first breath of the slogan : Early 1846, the establishment of communism in Brussels Communications Commission, ideologically and organizationally for the establishment of the proletarian revolutionary party was prepared.