I heard the antique , yet do no very know the

butterfly effect, the phenomenon of frogs, crocodiles rule, catfish effect, herding, hedgehog rules, watch law, broken windows theory, twenty-eight law, Wood bucket theory, Matthew effect, which is something you understand? -
1, the butterfly effect: the 70s of final century, an American meteorologist named Lorenz system methodology in the interpretation of the wind, said that sometimes the Amazon rain jungle a butterfly wing vibration, possibly two weeks can cause a tornado in Texas. -
the butterfly effect is that the very small changes in initial conditions continued to augment after its future status will occasion a very magnificent feud. Some small things can be confusing, and some small things, such as amplified by the system, then an organization, a nation is very important to not confused. -
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2, frog phenomenon: a frog into peppery water instantly into the pot, because of its harmful reactions are very perceptive environment, it will fast jump out the pot outside. If you put a frog into a jug of cold water and slowly heated, the frog will not immediately jump out of the pot, the water temperature gradually increased the final result is to be boiled frog died because the water temperature so high that the frog can not stand, it has been too late,GHD IV Black Straighteners, or there is no competence to bound out the pot outside. -
frog phenomenon tells us that a number of mutation events, they often cause people to attentive, and disposed to cause mortal it is in the feel-good situation, a gradual deterioration of the actual situation without remove notice. -

3, crocodiles rule: its intent is to assume that a crocodile bite your feet, if you hand to try to break your thighs, crocodile will bite your feet and in the meantime hand. The more you skirmish, the more to be bitten. In the event crocodile bite your feet, your only way is to mash one foot. -
example, in the stock mart, crocodiles rule is: when you find yourself trading in the instruction away from the mall, have to instantly stop, without any postpone and shall not have whichever luck. -
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4, catfish effect: In the past, sardines, cheap survival rate during transmission. After it was found that, if put a catfish in the sardines, the situation is somewhat cultivated, the survival rate will be greatly enhanced. This is why it? -
had catfish in to a strange environment, will be ; and sardines found in more than a This problem is solved hypoxia sardines, and sardines, will not dead. -
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5, herding: sheep where to go, where to go behind the sheep to follow. -
herding stock investment was first a term effectively refers to the investors in the transaction process in learning and imitation phenomenon, led them to commerce in a decisive period of time the same stock. -
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6, hedgehogs rule: two slumberous hedgehog, as chilly and owned attach. May be because their body is long with backbones, so they left some distance, but can not stand the chilly, then get attach. After a frustrating, two hedgehogs has finally found a appropriate distance: either with each other to obtain the other's warm and was not subject to bar. -
hedgehog law mainly refers to interpersonal relationships in the -
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7, watch Law: Law is when a person watches have a table, you can know what time it is, and when he has two not being skillful to determine. Two tables and can not tell a person more accurate time, so they will watch the people lose confidence in accurate time. -
watch law in business management gives us a very intuitive inspiration, is the same person or an organization can not be accustomed with two different methods, can not set two different targets, even each individual can not be two people to simultaneously command, or will the business or private loss. -
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8, the broken windows theory: a house if the windows broke, no one to nail it, reiterate it soon, other windows will be broken somehow; a wall, if some graffiti has not been cleansed, and soon, the wall covered with a mess on, unsightly thing; a very clean place, people taking out the trash sorry, but once litter on the ground appears, people will not hesitate to throw , did not feel ashamed. -

9, twenty-eight statute (Pareto's statute): the late 19th early 20th century Italian economist Pareto that in any group of things in only one of the most important a small part, about 20%, although a crowd of the remaining 80%, but it is secondary. About 80% of social wealth is concentrated in the hands of 20%, while 80% of people with only 20% of the social asset. This statistical imbalance in the social, economy and life everywhere, this is the twenty-eight law. -
twenty-eight rules narrate us, do not mean to examine, process and look at the problem, commerce and treatment to seize the vital few; to identify those who can cater a 80% profit , but only 20% of the absolute key customers to promote services to achieve a multiplier effect; commerce leaders to work seriously on the classification inquiry, it is essential to solve the chief exertion on opener issues, focus on major projects. -
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10, pail theory: the composition of the embark if the length of the lacking barrels, then the tub of water is not determined Sheng was the longest piece of wood, but on the shortest that piece of wood. -

11, Matthew: to be taken from him 。
sociologist derived from a -
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1, Birdcage logic -
a beauteous bird trap hanging in the apartment where the most prominent, a few days, the landlord will make one of the emulating 2 options: dart away the cage, or buy a bird cage ashore the behind Lane. This is the cage logic. The process is uncomplicated, assume you are the employer of the chamber, at a time people entered the chamber and discerned the cage, they can not assist but query you: kept a bird. Cage plausible reason is simple: maximum of the time people are catching the inertia of considering. It can be seen in the life and work amplify logical preoccupied how major it is. -
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2, broken window effect -
psychology there is a phenomenon shrieked the If there are some graffiti is not cleansed, and presently, on the walls covered with a mess, unsightly things. A very clean place, people would be mortified taking out the trash, but once litter on the ground appears, people will not hesitate, and did not feel humiliated. It was very curious phenomenon. -
psychologists is the bad in the end. -
anything bad, if necessary stop off at the beginning, the formation of civilization, change can get rid of, as if the river bank, a small breach is not timely mend, dams can collapse, causing the detriment of millions of times. -
disorder is actually the result of crime, New York City in the 80's when the rush is really everywhere, each day not to kill, in wide sunshine to be terrified of walking in the avenue. Not to mention the metro, motorcar sordid, filthy sentence drew everywhere, on the metro, feel insecure. Although I have not been seized, but the instructors have been in spacious daylight, struck a memorandum Sap, blind, from the end of his research career, so I talk about Tiger color for many years, not alone to New York. New York city and the city recently raised a lot of prestige, so I am very surprised that a city has been sinking,GHD Straighteners NZ, can escape from the die, and to shove. -
So when I went out to encounter, met a criminologist, one immediately to him for advice, the incipient New York City is the last book with the broken window effect in terms of theory, first to improve the criminal environment in which people is not easy crime-Hyde Budao slowly return to order. -
Although this approximate was criticized as being slow, handcuffed in a row standing on the platform, open to the public declaration of the Government's resolve to rectify and found very efficient. -
police base namely human are less presumable apt really clean causes in guilt, too found namely fee evasion grip rewarding, because each of those seven had a fee evasion was wanted, there namely 1 in twenty to carry weapons, so Police are willing to grasp fare evasion very seriously, which makes criminals no fare evasion, did no challenge go out with weapons to avert more injure than agreeable, escapes scampers the risk. This New York City, from the smallest, the easiest place to proceed to destroy the nefarious link of (shackle), so this vicious wheel tin no proceed -

3, diffusion of responsibility effect -
1964 年 3 月 13 日夜 3 时 20 points outside of an dormitory in New York before a male named Juno younger than pearly women at the end of the bar on the way home from work between the assassination. When she cried out in despair: When anything is lull, the killer returned to perpetrate a crime. When she exclaimed, the handy dwellers and the light switch,GHD Purple Butterfly 2011, the attackers then fled. When she has nobody to do that, go back to their family upstairs, the killer repeatedly arose before her, to annihilate her on the stairs. In the process, even though she shouted for help, her neighbors, at least 38 to the window to see, but no one to rescue her, no one even called the police. This caused a stir in New York society, but also attracted the attention of social psychologists and thinking. It is thought a colossal digit of bystanders omitting the phenomenon known as diffusion of responsibility effect. -
dispersion effect for the formation of obligation reasons, psychologists have done a lot of experiments and surveys found that: this phenomenon can not just say that all of the unfeeling, or moral decay of the rendition additional. In different occasions, people's deeds of assistance there is a difference. When a person in an crisis situation, if I were you he can provide help, he would apparently aware of their responsibilities, provide aid to the martyrs. If he refused to help produce emotions of crime, feelings of guilt, which requires disbursing a high psychological cost. And if the presence of many people, help the responsibility for questing help from the people to share, resulting in diffusion of responsibility, shared responsibility for each person very few spectators and even that may not even his own sense of a responsibility not to generate A How to break this situation, which is being studied by psychologists is an important heading. -
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4, Parkinson's Law -
North British historian
Good Parkinson through long-term research, jot a book called In his book, agency personnel annotated the reasons for and consequences of inflation: an incompetent officials, there may be three ways,GHD Purple Straighteners, first is the application for resignation, the seat give competent people; the second is to make a competent person to support their work; third meeting of two levels lower than they were when the collaborator. This first direction is indeed Zou Bude, because that would lose many rights; second way can not go, because that would be experienced of their opponents; seems that only a third way most fitting. As a result, two ordinary assistant sharing his work, he is high upon orders, they will not posture a threat to their rights. Since the inability of two assistants, they vocation the shots, then two more for his inability to detect an assistant. And so on, to manner a bloated, overstaffed, wrangling with each other, inefficient presidency system. -
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5, the halo effect -
famous Russian scholastic immense Pushkin Zengyin character halo effect suffered a great handle. He was fanatically in love with is called Natan Li looks surprising, but with assorted channel sub-Puhi Jin-Zhi. When the time to write verse Pushkin read it to her time. She forever covered their ears and said: necrosis duel, a scholastic giant to fall prematurely. Appears in Pushkin, a beautiful female is bound to have great wisdom and magnificent persona, whatsoever, is not the case, a phenomenon known as the halo effect. -
the so-called halo effect, that is, interpersonal communication, people who display the specifics of a particular aspect, cover the other features, resulting in interpersonal cognitive disorders. In daily life, For example, some drawback of the elderly individual juvenile people, or clothe, habits and find it unacceptable to think that they necessarily good for nothing; some young people a thing about the affection of friends, you will see him everywhere lovely, really the so-called Halo effect is a sweeping subjective psychological speculation, the error is: First, it is simple to grasp the individual specifics and habits of individual push and, just like Mangrenmoxiang as a point on behalf of the surface; the second It is not intrinsically linked to some of the individuality or physical characteristics related with the declaration that such features are bound to have other characteristics; Third, it definitely said yes to all that bad on all the negative, which is a perfect domination by the proclivity of subjective bias. In short, the halo effect is the interpersonal relationships in a great psychological impact on people with cognitive impairment, we have contacts to try to avoid and vanquish the side effects of halo effect. -
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6, Hawthorne effect (Hawthorne effect) -
psychological effects of an experimenter. 20-30 years of the 20th century, U.S. researchers in the Chicago Western Electric Company Hawthorne factory's working conditions,GHD Purple Gift Set, social ingredients and the relationship between production efficiency experimenter effect found in experiments, said the Hawthorne effect. -
The first period of the experiment
November 1924 from the opening of the working conditions and productivity of the relationship between the test group and control group. Increase or control the results regardless of illumination in the tentative group yields are rising, but the same illumination output of the control group also increased. In increase, tests of the wages paid, the coffee break time, the length of daily and newspaper number of days of work and other factors, can not see these working conditions, there is a straight impact on production efficiency. The second phase of the trial by the U.S. Mayo led by Harvard professor, focuses on social factors and the relationship between productivity and found that the production efficiency is mainly caused by the experimenter in the spirit of the great changes have taken place. Participate in the trial of the laborers were placed in special lab researchers led by their social conditions changed, the cares from all sides, creating a feeling of participating, feel that they are an important part of the corporation, so employees aspects from the social point of view are motivated to promote the production increase. -
This effect tells us that when students or their consideration or care by the public, the study and would greatly addition the efficiency of communication. Therefore, in our everyday lives with others learn to get according and comprehend what kind of behavior is adopted by students and teachers and gratitude, and we can only live and learn and continually addition their good behavior, it may be more people's attention and gratitude, but also can make our knowledge progress, full of confidence! -
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7, academic helplessness experiments -
the earliest effects of learned helplessness and the West Krugman Overmyer found after in beast and human studies have been widely discussed. Simply put, many experiments show that exercised dogs can across the barriers or engage in other behavior to avoid the shock the experimenter added to it. However, if the dogs are not expected before (do not know when to come) and can not be controlled by electric shock (such as interruption of cordless shock or not does not rely on the dog's behavior), when the dog was the chance to escape electric shock, they have changed was unable to escape. Moreover, the dogs also showed other failings, such as frustration and depression, reduced motivation and so on. -
dog show why this situation is deserving early in the experiment learned a sense of helplessness. That is, they realize that not material what their own can not control the termination shock. In each experiment, the impact is terminated beneath the control of the experimenter, and the dog will be conscious of their inability to alteration the external control, to learn a sense of helplessness. -
person who had learned helplessness to convert a deep despair and grief. Therefore, we should study and life in the open their eyes a little and see the real events back the decision factors, do not make our own despair. -
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8, the witness's memory -
witness, in our understanding of where, ordinarily to provide some objective evidence, that his own witness and listen the things people who speak out honestly. However, psychological research shows that the testimony of many witnesses are not very exact, or that is a personal favorite, with private views and awareness. -
spectator proof of their confidence and their testimony can not determine the accuracy of the results of this study is amazing. Mrs fees can be special and psychologist Howard Springs decided to this conclusion more in-depth study. In order to investigate if the testimony of spectator someone special, they will witness memory and the memories of general knowledge were compared. -
they make were shown a short movie is about the kidnapping of a girl. The next day, to answer some of the subjects in the content of the movie and asked them to tell the degree of confidence in their answer, then do a admission memory test. Next, use the same method, the content of fashionable literature from the encyclopedia and the general knowledge of elected issues. -
and as happened before, Perot fees can be special and Howard Springs also found that the accuracy of the witness recalled, those confident of their responses than those who do not actually have people who do not have confidence greater, but For general knowledge, the situation is not the case, people with high confidence in memories of people who score better than the lack of confidence. -
people in the general knowledge almost their strengths and weaknesses with self-knowledge. Therefore, tend to modify their test results for the confidence scale. General knowledge is a database, is shared among individuals, it has recognized the correct answer, the subjects can go weigh. For instance, people will kas long asthe publish of whether in amusements or even nearly better than others. However, the accident witnessed the shock from such self-knowledge. For sample, on the entire, they are unthreaten to understand the accident than others, the participants in the memory space cilia color better or worse. -
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9, Rosenthal Effect -
Rosenthal, American psychologist, who in 1968 conducted a famous experiment. Them to a primary referendum in the three sixth grade classes of the children production a fuss of the In fact, this list is not determined according to test results, but randomly selected. It is based on 8 months later, dissimilar comprehension test results showed that, the list of general correction in student fulfilment, teachers also gave their good behaviour reviews. This experiment has achieved miraculous results, It is considered by teachers to students the shrewd psychological effects, so that teachers expect students to achieve the progress of the phenomenon, known as the Pygmalion (Pygmalion of Cyprus in Greek mythology, the sovereign, he produced a statue of a girl he loved his appetite to eventually make this into a real statue,GHD Green Butterfly 2011, the two fall in love with.) -
educational train also shows that: if a instructor like some of the students, they will have tall expectations, afterward a duration of time, students feel the teachers concern, adore and encouragement; constantly positive opinion towards teachers, towards learning and towards own action, students more self-esteem, reassurance, self-love, self-induce a variety of positive enthusiasm, these students often anticipate teachers to get progress. In compare, teachers who are ignored, distinguished opposition students from the pedagogue talk over time, form, facial statements of teachers felt the requirements; these students often aggravate day at day, and finally diluted to the bad elements of society. Despite some exceptions, merely the trend is that, while it also sounded the fear because teachers. -
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10, false share deviation (false consensus bias) -
We usually believe that our love is the same with most people. If you like playing microcomputer games, then it may overestimate the number of people like computer games. You will usually overestimate the students to referendum on their favorite numbers, overestimate their own honor in the population and leadership and so on. This overestimation of your behaviors and attitudes you have the same tendency of the number of features is called Some factors that may affect your share of this false bias strength: -
(1) When one external attribution was stronger than the interior attribution; -
(2) current behavior or events when a person is very important; -
(3) When you are very sure of their point of view, or believe that the time; -
(4) When your status all butme kind of normal life and learning be threatened; -
(5) When it comes to some kind of positive qualities or personality; -
(6) When you and other people as when they are alike. -