ATA technology is the one on IDE (Integrated Device Electronics) family of technical specifications. Initially, IDE is an attempt to integrate the controller and the disk as the main intention of the body hard disk interface technology. With IDE / EIDE been increasingly widely used, global standardization agreement since the birth of the interface specification has been summarized using a global standard hard drive, thus creating the ATA (Advanced Technology Attachment).
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Computer Technology ATA ATA technology ATA-1ATA-2ATA-3ATA-4ATA-5ATA-6ATA-7ATA About ATA test test test ATA supporting documents anaerobic toxicity determination (ATA) ATA ( Automatic Target Acquisition) computer technology ATA ATA ATA technology development has been repeatedly modified and upgraded, each new generation of interfaces are built on top of the first generation of standards, and maintain backward compatibility. The first generation ATA-1, is for the Compaq desktop, the initial 386 series of standards. It was developed as a ATA-1 is based on the ISA96-pin standard connector on the auxiliary equipment, using 40 or 44pin connectors and cables. In 44pin program, the extra 4 pins more used to those who do not separate power supply interface device support. In addition, ATA-1 DMA and PIO also provides two ways to send signals. ATA-2 is often referred to as EIDE (Enhanced IDE), Fast ATA or Fast ATA-2, then DMA is fully implemented in this version, the standard transmission speed DMA ATA-1 has been the increase in the 4.16MBps to 16.67MBps the. ATA-2 also provides power management, PCMCIA cards and mobile device support, through the standard addressing method CHS (cylinders, heads, sectors) support up to 8.4GB of hard disk capacity. In addition, ATA-2 also introduces the LBA mode, this method breaks through the hard disk access in accordance with the old CHS concept of hard disk capacity to adapt to the rapid growth of the future laid a good foundation. At the same time by constantly upgrading BIOS version or third-party software, can be achieved to support the maximum capacity of 137.4GB. As long as your computer supports EIDE, CMOS settings can be found in the LBA (LBA, Logical Block Address) or (CHS, Cylinder, Head, Sector) setting option. EIDE hard drive support has also increased the number, which allows the motherboard has two sockets, each socket can be connected to a master and a slave device, which can support four IDE devices. With the SMART self-monitoring technologies such as detection and intervention, IDE drive is a more reliable design and manufacturing. ATA-3 also increased password protection to control access to equipment, providing a very significant security features. ATA-4 is characterized by fusion of the two largest integrated support for Ultra DMA, and ATAPI (AT Attachment Program Interface) standard. ATAPI for the CD-ROM, tape backup drive and other removable storage device provides a common interface. Before that, ATAPI is a completely separate standard. Accession accompanied ATAPI, ATA-4 support for removable media, the improvement effect was immediate, but also DMA Ultra DMA data transfer rate from the original 16.67MB / s increased to 33.33MB / s. In addition, the original interface and cable 40pin basis, ATA-4 plus 40 pins, a total of 80, where 40 is the ground, scattered among the standard 40 cable with to enhance the signal quality. ATA-4 is also known as Ultra DMA, Ultra ATA or Ultra ATA-33. Compared to ATA-4, ATA-5 major upgrade is automatic detection devices use what cable, 40pin or 80pin? When using the 80pin cable, Ultra DMA transfer rates up to a higher 66.67MB / s. Therefore, ATA-5, also known as Ultra ATA-66. Developed later, also appeared ATA-100/133 two informal criteria, but the speed has improved, but due to the internal hard disk transfer speed limits, 100/133MBps is just a sign Bale. ATA-1 ATA-1 has a socket on the motherboard to support a master and a slave device, each device's maximum capacity of 504MB, supports PIO-0 mode transfer rate is only 3.3MB / s. ATA-1 supports PIO mode including PIO-0, and PIO-1, PIO-2 model also supports four DMA mode (no practical applications). ATA-1 hard disk interface, the size of 5 inches, rather than the mainstream now 3.5 inches. ATA-2 ATA-2 ATA-1 is an extension of habit is also known as EIDE (Enhanced IDE) or Fast ATA. It is based on the increase of ATA 2 PIO and DMA mode 2 (PIO-3), not only will drive maximum transfer rate to 16.6MB / S, while the introduction of LBA address translation also means breaking the inherent 504MB of restrictions, can support up to 8.1GB of hard disk. ATA-2 in support of the computer's BIOS settings, generally you can see the LBA (Logical Block Address), and CHS (Cylinder, Head, Sector) of the set, while the motherboard EIDE interface, usually has two EIDE connectors, they are also can be connected to a master and a slave, so that a motherboard can support up to four EIDE devices, commonly referred to as the interface of these two EDIE IDE1 and IDE2. ATA-3 ATA-3 does not introduce a higher speed transfer mode, the transmission speed, and there is no improvement on the maximum speed is still to 16.6MB / s. Only in the power management program has been modified, the introduction of a simple password-protected security program. However, the technology introduces a landmark that is SMART (Self-Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology, self-monitoring, analysis and reporting technology). The technology will include heads, motors, circuit components such as hard disk to monitor, through the detection circuit and the host monitoring software to detect the object being monitored, the history of their health and safety with the default values analysis, comparison, when the value exceeds the safe range, will be automatically issued a warning to the user, and then make the hard drive to predict potential failure to improve the security of data storage. ATA-4 ATA-4 interface standard from officially supporting Ultra DMA data transfer mode, therefore, used to refer to ATA-4 for the Ultra DMA 33 or ATA33. The first time in ATA interface uses Double Data Rate (double data) technology to allow the interface to transfer data twice in one clock cycle, the clock rise and fall time of each data transfer, so that the data transfer rate of about from 16MB / s upgraded to 33MB / s. Ultra DMA 33 also introduces a new technology - terms operation redundancy check (CRC), the technology system and the design objective is to drive during the transmission process, with the data transmission cycle redundancy check code, the other in the collection of The school also is difficult when the code can be tested, only in the case of fully checked before the right to receive and process the data obtained, which for the security of high-speed transmission of data has a very strong protection. ATA-5 ATA-5 is Ultra DMA 66 allows the host to receive / transmit data rates up to 66.6 MB / s, is U-DMA/33 twice. Retained the previous generation Ultra DMA 33 meter core technology operation redundancy check (CRC). Commission while in the operating frequency, electromagnetic interference problems began in the ATA interface, the accuracy of data transmission to protect against electromagnetic interference, Ultra DMA 66 interface to start using the 40 pin 80 pin cable, 40 pin is inserted for compatibility with previous ATA tank, reducing the costs. 80 cores are new ground, correspond with the original data cable, this design can reduce the adjacent electromagnetic interference between signal lines. ATA-6 ATA100 and ATA66 interface and data lines, as is using a 40-pin 80-pin data transfer cable, and ATA100 interface is fully backward compatible to support ATA33, ATA66 interface device can continue to use the ATA100 interface. Specification can easily cope with the present ATA100 ATA33 and ATA66 interface intractable problems. ATA100 hard disk can make the external transfer rate of 100MB / s, it improves data integrity and hard drive data transfer rate, disk subsystem performance desktop systems greatly enhance the role, and CRC technology more effectively improve the high-speed transmission data integrity and reliability. ATA-7 ATA-7 is the last version of ATA interface, also known as ATA133. Only a series of Maxtor hard drives with ATA133 standard, this is the first in the interface speed over 100MB / s of the IDE hard disk. Maxtor is the only introduction of this interface, a standard hard drive manufacturers, while the other IDE hard drive manufacturers to stop the development of IDE interfaces in favor of production of Serial ATA hard drive interface standard. ATA133 interface supports 133 MB / s data transfer rate, the development of the ATA to the ATA100 interface, when the properties of this parallel interface cable, connector and signaling protocols have shown a great deal of technological bottlenecks, and in the technical break through these bottlenecks there is considerable difficulty. The new generation of hard drive interface standard will be inevitable. About the National Examination ATA ATA computer information tech exam test (CITT) is the former Ministry of Labor and secure development of the central authorities on the labor market, positive appraisal of vocational skills, the spirit, in order to adapt to social development and technological progress, improving labor quality and promoting employment, enhancing the field of computer information technology new jobs, new types of vocational skills training, assessment work, in 1996, the organizations, the examination will be responsible for implementation of the test. to carry out the national high-tech computer information The main purpose of the examination is to promote the rapid adoption of high technology in China and promote the application of high-tech applications of computer information to improve the operation of those levels and the efficient use of high-tech equipment , to the staff of Computer Information Technology Application in career posts, and personnel exchange to provide a standardized level of skills and proficiency testing, so that allocation of labor resources in China to gradually adapt to technological progress and the socialist market economy. the national high-tech tests followed the computer information the following five principles: first, the examination of ordinary workers the whole of society, focusing on evaluation of the practical application of various types of candidates master the computer skills level. Therefore, the training and examination to practice-based examination approach is to use the appropriate computer program to complete the work to the task. Second, dynamic tracking test content areas of computer technology, advanced technology, mature products widely, reflecting the higher content and the latest computer technology, applied technology, computer applications in the range of information content of high-tech classified by occupation, function modules, and then broken down into skill points, operating characteristics, and different difficulty, validity, or determine the scope of relevant skills to master level exam. timely manner according to the level of technological development and social acceptance, introduction and updating of standards, outline and the question bank. Third, the examination by the Department of Occupational Skill Testing Center and the provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions guide the professional skill of labor institutions in the implementation of a unified national organization, the certificate examination system, standards, outlines, exam, assessment, management of all unity, to ensure Examination of the authority and consistency. Fourth, implementation of test design and organize the implementation of open, fair, fairness, open all the assessment standards and examination syllabus, exam and assessment criteria; random question each candidate individually, all candidates in a exam questions are different; to strict quality supervision system for the protection, established from standard-setting, Q production, test organizations, performance evaluation to the results of review, the certificate issued by a strict set of administrative and other regulatory requirements and technical protection system composed of the quality of the supervision system. V. actively study and explore the advanced test theory, test techniques and test methods, and promote the renewal and development of test methods to continuously improve the level and efficiency of the assessment test. ATA exam supporting documents in accordance with Ministry of Labor [1996] 19 documentation requirements, the Department of Identification Center issued a series of supporting documents in a timely manner: * LO level Kam [1996] 07 16 Occupational Skill Testing Centre of the Secretary issued Laopei [1997] No. 63 test pilot test carried out intelligence work, eligible for dual certification exams Microsoft information technology pilot project work, Kam [2004] No. 18 on the issuance of Some, such as organic pollution, such as acrylic acid, acrolein, lipids, and chlorinated organics category is biodegradable. However, beyond a certain concentration of organisms was inhibited. ATA when measured in a group of microbial symbionts to the excess substrate, microbes may be subject to any toxic waste water samples, the maximal inhibition. Patency was inhibited by anaerobic microbial symbionts is the use of acetate propionate or use micro-organisms. Therefore, the determination of the starting acetate and propionate concentrations were about adding their corresponding Ks value of 10 times, that is, acetic acid concentration and acid concentration were 4000 and 2000mg / L. This concentration is not lower than PH = 7 时 dissociation of HAc and HPr of the toxicity threshold. Determination of biological activity under the ATA maximum rate of substrate concentration and independent of any reduction in gas production rate and the inhibition of toxic waste. ATA determination results in the interpretation of vaccination must be considered when the dilution of water samples. However, if the inoculum granular sludge is dehydrated is no happy event on the toxic effect. In order to evaluate the inhibitory appropriate, ATA should be measured using different volumes of water samples for a given ratio of inoculum. If inhibited, it will reduce the initial gas production rate, and with the water volume of inoculum volume and the increase of the ratio gradually decreased. It is often not the final image of BMP value, but need longer time to reach the final BMP value. So, start assessing the anaerobic treatability of wastewater need to be careful not to be ignored when the inhibition. ATA (Automatic Target Acquisition) ATA (Automatic Target Acquisition, Auto Targets Acquirement, ATA). Target recognition generally fall into two categories,
paul smith bags, in the recognition process does not use template matching, we call automatic target recognition; when using the template matching recognition, we call automatic template capture (Auto Targets Acquirement, ATA ), the key issue is the image matching problem. ATA's approach is mainly based on the idea match. Mainly refers to matching the data obtained through basic security as the focal plane before the extraction of simulation diagram shown in Figure, and then complete the map in real-time position, and by positioning the target point to determine the coordinates in real-time graph, then calculate the deviation of the current flight, Then on the flight attitude adjusted accordingly. Imaging the same scene in different conditions in different two-dimensional image sensors have been some differences, which matched to the image caused some difficulties. Multi-mode matching problem is very common in the ATA, ATA method, although around the ATR (automatic target recognition) method, the expression of the knowledge-based problems, yet difficult to put a reference map preparation and multi-mode matching strategy. But in terms of complex adaptive background, ATA method still occupies a distinct advantage. Atlas Atlas entry for more extended reading: 1
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